Islam in Higher Education in United States Research Paper

Islam in Higher Education in United States - Research Paper Example Islamophobia can be viewed as a social problem such as racism, sexism, or other forms of discrimination. These types of hate-based beliefs are created from ignorance of other cultures primarily, and should be unacceptable as a practice in higher education. Multicultural education can promote tolerance in the campus community through diversity awareness. An effective approach to combat Islamophobia is addressed through a platform that teaches the diversity of all world religions and not just Islam alone. Believers from every faith should be part of this process. A plan that can be implemented across campus by educators in existing classes is more likely to have a widespread impact than a voluntary program. The individuals targeted most by the need for the information will likely be least likely to attend a voluntary program. Nevertheless, all learning is voluntary, and rather than promote division the plan seeks to build a textbook and video that can be used in classes displaying the diversity in unity of religious belief and practice worldwide. This inter-religious approach was favored over a unilateral approach to combating religious discrimination against Muslims, as it fits with the broader principles of tolerance and multiculturalism on campus. Application to Practice: The responsibility of this plan is to prepare the organization for the construction of publications and multi-media resources, including pamphlets, hand-outs, video, and ultimately a textbook that can be used by educators in already existing classes. Individuals can be encouraged to learn more about religion and spirituality through an intercultural framework that includes textbook, video, and other course materials in the plan. The video and textbook will both be prepared by committees of experts in the field, professional academics, who will both contribute essays on their faith and also video interviews for the project. Volunteers will assist with editing and producing this. The final vers ion should include a textbook with representative background on the main beliefs of all the world religions, as well as the rituals and practices that distinguish them. These would be reinforced with principles of multiculturalism teaching the importance of tolerance through mutual understanding of ideas. Sources Cited: Bauer, Anne M. & Kroeger, Stephen D. (2004). Exploring Diversity: A Video Case Approach. Pearson Higher Education, 2004. Gollnick, Donna & Chinn, M. Philip (2009). Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 8the Edition. Pearson Higher Education, 2009. Islam in Higher Education in United States Topic: Exploring a Diversity Plan for Culturally Responsive Teaching Submitted by: Class: Date: April 12th, 2011 Part I. Research Paper: Exploring Diversity Part I - Abstract: Islam as a religion dates to the year 610 A.D. when the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) began to receive the revelation of prophecy recorded in the Quran. During the course of history, the religion has sp read throughout Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Europe, and the Americas to create distinct social and cultural institutions that have contributed to world heritage in many important ways. Islam as lived and practiced historically by people all over the

Economic History Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economic History - Research Paper Example Most of his works were drafted in the late eighteenth century, when economics was not even properly regarded as a separate subject. Astonishingly enough, Adam Smith’s works are still very useful and many of the modern researches in economics are based on the theories and principals proposed by him. Thesis Statement: Adam Smith’s economic theories and principals have drawn and remained at the focus for more than two hundred years. The basic framework of contemporary economy can be considerably attributed to his works and philosophy. Discussion on the Different Economic Principals and Theories of Adam Smith The two most important works of Adam Smith are â€Å"The Wealth of Nations† and â€Å"The Theory of Moral Sentiments†. The Wealth of Nations can be considered as a precursor to today’s academic discipline of the subject economics. There are certain principals and theories that can be spotted in The Wealth of Nations. It attributes to the basis of r esource-allocation theory, which states that in competitive environment, resource owners would utilize them to maximize profits. This would result into equal rates of returns in equilibrium related to all utilizations, suited for the apparent diversities arising from the factors like unemployment, hardship, trust, and training (Smith, A., 1776). The General Equilibrium Modeling derived by Walras almost a century later is also based on Smith’s resource-allocation theory. Moreover, Smith’s labor theories provide the basis of the modern industrial relations. Labor theory of value further elucidates the relation between labor and the cost of the product produced, which affects the allocation of outputs and the distribution of earnings. Further, in his work The Theory of Moral Sentiments, Adam Smith finds out relationship between the ethical behavior of an individual and the economic structure of the society. His concept of â€Å"homo economicus† (economic man) defin es that how a sensible citizen can make economic contributions to the well being of our society (Klein, D.B., 2009). Why Adam Smith is Important? Adam Smith is important because this Scottish economist worked during the days when the very subject â€Å"economical science† or economics was in a nascent state. Adam Smith, to some extent, decided the course of the evolution of economics as a separate subject. He deeply analyzed the concepts of taxation, market, labor, training, unemployment, infrastructure, etc., which are critical in today’s economic environment and related public administration. It is due to Adam Smith that we are sometimes compelled to think about capitalism as a moral system, where profits are not the only pursuit. Hence, his legacy deserves special importance today (Brown, V. et al, 1993). Further, in Smith’s works, we get the glimpses of the emerging industrial society in the late eighteenth century Britain, wherefrom the modern industrial re volution actually began. Why are his Theories Important? Critics of Adam Smith try to find out limitations of his economic philosophy. According to J. Schumpeter (1994), â€Å"Had he (Adam Smith) dug more deeply, had he unearthed more recondite truth, had he used more difficult and ingenious methods, he would not have been understood.† However, this criticism still testifies that Adam Smith’s theories have a simplistic approach, which make them understandable in the context of common people, and hence, are important. His theories